Buddha Images

Today, when we wish to envision the physical appearance of the Buddha, we rely on statues and paintings of him. Throughout the years, people have portrayed the Buddha in various fashions. Some carve images of the Buddha in wood or stone, others sculpt in metal, and still others prefer the use of paper and paint. Not only are the materials used different, there are also many varied poses. Sometimes, the Buddha is depicted in a sitting position, while at other times he is standing or reclining. Regardless of the material used or the posture chosen, we can generally feel his compassion, magnanimity, and greatness.

Why are some statues of the Buddha sitting, while others are standing? Each of these postures has a profound meaning, and symbolizes the Buddha’s spirit and noble characteristics. In some cases, the Buddha is portrayed as seated in the lotus position with his hands poised above his lap, as if he is deep in meditative concentration. This symbolizes his enlightenment. The Buddha became enlightened only by practicing over a prolonged period of contemplation, deep meditation, and knowing himself. At other times, we see the Buddha portrayed in a seated position with his left hand in his lap, with the palm of his raised right hand facing outward, teaching the Dharma. This symbolizes that the Buddha cultivates enlightenment not only for himself, but also for the sake of others. After reaching enlightenment, the Buddha began to teach the truth to all sentient beings, helping us to get rid of our delusions.

In some statues of the Buddha, he is standing with one hand down, receiving and guiding us sentient beings. When we feel lost in the sea of suffering, it is natural to feel overjoyed to see the Buddha extending a helping hand to us. In other statues, the Buddha is walking, as if hurrying somewhere to teach the Dharma. The fully enlightened Buddha is most affectionate in his efforts to help all of us; he is always there to be of service to us.

Some statues and paintings show the Buddha lying down, peacefully entering nirvana. This posture symbolizes the fulfillment of both merit and wisdom, at which the Buddha has ended the cycle of birth and death. The reclining posture also symbolizes a transition from active engagement to that of tranquility. When the Buddha was alive, he was always active, traveling everywhere to teach the Dharma. While all activity must come to an end, tranquility can endure. Upon entering final nirvana, the Buddha became one with the world and the flow of time. Thus, we say nirvana is a transition from activity to tranquility. The images of the Buddha entering final nirvana show us that he is always in our hearts, ever present like the earth, and enduring like the sun and moon.